The visual evoked potentials (VEP)technique is an objective, rapid, reliable, repeatable, and non-invasive method to assess the functionality and integrity of the retinal and early-afferent visuo-cortical pathways.In addition, the patient’s global real-time information can be assessed (i.e., VEP amplitude and latency as the time-averaged responses dynamically summate) for each specific stimulus pattern. The VEP technique couldalso beused to investigate the integrity of the visual pathways in patients with mild traumatic injury(mTBI)/concussion and in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS)